Türkiye Taekwondo Şampiyonalarına Katılan Sporcuların Sporda Güdülenme Düzeylerinin Araştırılması.
Investigation of Sports Motivation Levels of Athletes Participating in Turkish Taekwondo Championships
Abstract
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma, sporcuların cinsiyet, yarıştığı kilo kategorisi, milli sporcu olma durumu ve Türkiye
şampiyonalarında madalya kazanmaları gibi demografik ve performans değişkenlerine göre sporda güdülenme
düzeylerini incelemektedir.
Materyal ve Metod: Araştırmada, sporcuların içsel güdülenme, dışsal güdülenme ve güdülenmeme düzeyleri
incelenmiş ve bu motivasyon türlerinin farklı değişkenler karşısındaki durumu analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmaya
17-34 yaş arasında 122 kadın (X̄yaş=18,48 ± 2,53), 173 erkek (X̄yaş=18,55 ± 2,49) toplam (N=295) sporcu
katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 26
programında analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin genel özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı istatistikler,
frekans ve yüzde dağılımları incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel analizlerde, verilerin normalliğini değerlendirmek için
Kolmogorov-Smirnov ve Shapiro-Wilk testleri uygulanmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren verilerde, p<0,05
anlamlılık düzeyinde ikili gruplar arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için bağımsız iki grup t-testi yapılmıştır.
Üç veya daha fazla grup arası Sporcu, içsel güdülenme, dışsal güdülenme, güdülenmeme ndaki karşılaştırmalar
için ise tek yönlü ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sporcuların cinsiyet ve kilo bakımından güdülenmeme durumlarında anlamlı farkların olduğu
(p<0,05), milli sporcu olan ve olmayan sporcularda dışsal güdülenme ve güdülenmeme durumlarında yine
anlamlı farkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Bunun yanında sporcuların yarıştıkları kategori ve Türkiye
şampiyonalarında aldıkları madalya bakımından sporda güdülenme puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılaşmanın
olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Sporcuların cinsiyet ve kilo gibi demografik özelliklerine göre güdülenme durumlarının farklılık
gösterdiğini, milli sporcu olma durumunun dışsal güdülenme ve güdülenmeme üzerinde etkili olduğunu, ancak
yarışma kategorisi ve madalya kazanma durumunun güdülenme üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığını
göstermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dışsal Güdülenme, Güdülenmeme, İçsel Güdülenme, Sporcu.
ABSTRACT
Aim: This study examines the motivation levels of athletes in sports according to demographic and
performance variables such as gender, age, weight category, national athlete status, and medal wins in Turkish
championships.
Material and Method: In the study, the levels of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation
of athletes were examined, and the status of these motivation types against different variables was analyzed.
A total of 295 athletes between the ages of 12-34, 122 females (X̄year = 18,48, 2,53) and 173 males (X̄year =
18,55, 2,49) participated in the study. "Motivation in Sport Scale" was used as a data collection tool. The data
were analyzed in the SPSS 26 program. Descriptive statistics, frequency, and percentage distributions were
analyzed to determine the general characteristics of the data. In statistical analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and
Shapiro-Wilk tests were applied to evaluate the normality of the data. For normally distributed data, an
independent two-group t-test was performed to determine the differences between paired groups at the (p<0,05)
significance level. A one-way ANOVA test was used for comparisons between three or more groups.
Results: It was determined that there were significant differences (p<0,05) in the unmotivated status of the
athletes in terms of gender, age, and weight, and there were significant differences (p<0,05) in the extrinsic
motivation and unmotivation status of the athletes with and without national athletes. In addition, it was
determined that there was no significant difference in the motivation scores of the athletes in terms of the
category in which they competed and the medals they received in the Turkish championships (p > 0,05).
Conclussions: It shows that motivational states of athletes differ according to their demographic characteristics
such as gender and weight, that being a national athlete has an effect on extrinsic motivation and amotivation,
but competition category and medal winning status do not have a significant effect on motivation.
Keywords: Athlete, Extrinsic Motivation, İntrinsic Motivation, Unmotivation.
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